{"id":589,"date":"2026-06-11T12:00:15","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T19:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/leenewman.us\/playbook\/?p=589"},"modified":"2026-08-22T07:10:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-22T14:10:49","slug":"introducing-tuckmans-model-of-team-effectiveness","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/leenewman.us\/playbook\/introducing-tuckmans-model-of-team-effectiveness\/","title":{"rendered":"Introducing Tuckman&#8217;s Model of Team Effectiveness"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote data-path-to-node=\"4\"><p><i>This is Part 1 of my 4-part series: <b>Navigating The Stages of Growth<\/b>. <a href=\"https:\/\/leenewman.us\/playbook\/tuckman_team_performance_series\/#tuckman_index\">[View the Full Series Roadmap]<\/a><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When I was getting my MBA, it seemed that nearly every class presented at least one theoretical model. The one that has really stood out to me throughout my career\u2014from my time in consulting to leading three teams at Google\u2014is Tuckman\u2019s Model of Team Performance. I have seen this model play out hundreds of times. As a tech lead in the consulting industry for many years, I frequently had to quickly pull teams together.\u00a0 I feel like I have a rare glimpse into managing team dynamics especially after coupling my consulting experience with the three teams I led at Google and beyond. Team building is my superpower.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I believe that understanding this model gives you a rare glimpse into the &#8220;messy, beautiful&#8221; reality of team building. It\u2019s a natural progression, similar to a learning curve, and it should be expected rather than feared.\u00a0 I\u2019ll touch on this in a later post in the series but it\u2019s a very powerful tool when teams are aware of this model and understand what stage they\u2019re in.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The 5 Stages of a High-Performing Team<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We\u2019ll walk through the five stages in the model.\u00a0 I have added callouts for the type of leadership that is generally required at each stage to boost the team.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Forming<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The Definition<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is when the team is first coming together. It\u2019s a group of individuals still trying to get to know each other and the work ahead.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>The Mood<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most folks feel an initial burst of excitement about starting something new and working with fresh faces.\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t<!-- begin AlertsDLX output -->\n\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t#alerts-dlx-55083V3Ek {\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 650px;\n\t\t\t\t--alerts-dlx-base-font-size: 16px;\n\t\t\t\t--alerts-dlx-chakra-base-size: 16px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#alerts-dlx-55083V3Ek .alerts-dlx-icon-preview svg {\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 1.8em;\n\t\t\t\tmax-height: 1.8em;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div\n\t\t\tclass=\"alerts-dlx template-chakra is-style-info is-appearance-subtle icon-vertical-align-top aligncenter\"\n\t\t\tdata-expiration=\"0\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<figure\n\t\t\t\trole=\"alert\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"alerts-dlx-alert alerts-dlx-chakra alerts-dlx-has-icon alerts-dlx-has-description\"\n\t\t\t\tid=\"alerts-dlx-55083V3Ek\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-icon alerts-dlx-icon-frontend\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/leenewman.us\/playbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/icons8-mental-health-48.png\" alt=\"Alert image\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"alerts-dlx-title\">Well-Being Reminder<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\nWhile many feel &#8220;all-in&#8221; on day one, the &#8220;uncertainty of the job market&#8221; or the &#8220;general chaos&#8221; of new beginnings can trigger anxiety for some.. If you aren&#8217;t feeling the hype immediately, it&#8217;s okay\u2014growth is a process.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end AlertsDLX output -->\n\t\t<\/li>\n<li><strong>Leadership Required<\/strong>: Be mindful that some team members are naturally resistant to change and may find this phase unsettling. Your job is to provide clear direction and establish the basic structures and processes that help people build relationships while moving the ball forward.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Storming<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The Definition<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The &#8220;honeymoon phase&#8221; is over. Personality clashes may appear as members become more opinionated and question decisions and test the boundaries of their autonomy. Trust and psychological safety are not yet fully established in aggregate across the team.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>The Mood<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You might start to feel annoyed, offended, or even question the capabilities of your teammates.<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t<!-- begin AlertsDLX output -->\n\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t#alerts-dlx-718aNxYha {\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 650px;\n\t\t\t\t--alerts-dlx-base-font-size: 16px;\n\t\t\t\t--alerts-dlx-chakra-base-size: 16px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#alerts-dlx-718aNxYha .alerts-dlx-icon-preview svg {\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 1.8em;\n\t\t\t\tmax-height: 1.8em;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div\n\t\t\tclass=\"alerts-dlx template-chakra is-style-info is-appearance-subtle icon-vertical-align-top aligncenter\"\n\t\t\tdata-expiration=\"0\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<figure\n\t\t\t\trole=\"alert\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"alerts-dlx-alert alerts-dlx-chakra alerts-dlx-has-icon alerts-dlx-has-description\"\n\t\t\t\tid=\"alerts-dlx-718aNxYha\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-icon alerts-dlx-icon-frontend\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/leenewman.us\/playbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/icons8-mental-health-48.png\" alt=\"Alert image\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"alerts-dlx-title\">Well-Being Reminder<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\nThe Storming phase can feel like a &#8220;failure,&#8221; but it&#8217;s actually a vital part of the process.<br \/>\nAlso, sometimes leads may feel the weight of team conflict &#8220;sitting right on your chest,&#8221; take a deep breath. It\u2019s not a bug in your leadership; it\u2019s a condition of growth.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end AlertsDLX output -->\n\t\t<\/li>\n<li><strong>Leadership Required<\/strong>: It is on you to help move the team toward Norming. You must transform conflict into constructive dialogue, creating a safe space for productive disagreement.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Norming<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The Definition<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The team begins to resolve differences, appreciate each person&#8217;s unique strengths, and respect the team&#8217;s authority and processes.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>The Mood<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Things are calming down. People are accepting each other and focusing collectively on a common goal.\u00a0 Initial processes and workflows are starting to feel appropriate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Leadership Required<\/strong>: This is the time to &#8220;take your foot off the gas&#8221; and let the team drive. Empower them to experiment with their workflows\u2014this is the fertile ground that leads to high performance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Performing<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The Definition<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The team becomes a highly cohesive, self-organizing unit. There is a high degree of trust, and the team can operate autonomously with little supervision.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>The Mood<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Folks are &#8220;in the zone&#8221;. You can anticipate what your teammates need and show up proactively prepared.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>Leadership Required<\/strong>: Step back and become a supportive observer. Your role is to sustain momentum and support the team as needed, having ideally delegated most aspects of the day-to-day work to its members.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Adjourning (or Mourning)<\/span>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>The Definition<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The project ends, or the team is disbanded. In the tech world, this may take the form of a re-org or a project sunset.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><strong>The Mood<\/strong>: <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is deeply personal. You might feel a sense of loss or &#8220;mourning&#8221; after completing objectives and separating from the group.\u00a0 Or you might feel excited that the project has finished and launched.<\/span>\t\t<!-- begin AlertsDLX output -->\n\t\t<style>\n\t\t\t#alerts-dlx-513MR7rVk {\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 650px;\n\t\t\t\t--alerts-dlx-base-font-size: 16px;\n\t\t\t\t--alerts-dlx-chakra-base-size: 16px;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t\t#alerts-dlx-513MR7rVk .alerts-dlx-icon-preview svg {\n\t\t\t\tmax-width: 1.8em;\n\t\t\t\tmax-height: 1.8em;\n\t\t\t}\n\t\t<\/style>\n\t\t<div\n\t\t\tclass=\"alerts-dlx template-chakra is-style-info is-appearance-subtle icon-vertical-align-top aligncenter\"\n\t\t\tdata-expiration=\"0\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<figure\n\t\t\t\trole=\"alert\"\n\t\t\t\tclass=\"alerts-dlx-alert alerts-dlx-chakra alerts-dlx-has-icon alerts-dlx-has-description\"\n\t\t\t\tid=\"alerts-dlx-513MR7rVk\"\n\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-icon alerts-dlx-icon-frontend\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/leenewman.us\/playbook\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/icons8-mental-health-48.png\" alt=\"Alert image\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"alerts-dlx-title\">Well-Being Reminder<\/h2>\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"alerts-dlx-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\nWe are human beings first, and engineers second. For those resistant to change, &#8220;adjourning&#8221; can feel like losing a support system. Remember that your value is not just your &#8220;impact&#8221; on a single project, but who you are as a teammate.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<!-- end AlertsDLX output -->\n\t\t<\/li>\n<li><strong>Leadership Required<\/strong>: Teams need celebratory moments. Provide closure through reflection on learnings, celebration of achievements, and clear transition paths for every team member.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"model_progression\">Model Progression<\/h3>\n<p>Teams\/relationships tend to progress linearly from left to right on the model.\u00a0 And, in my experience, it&#8217;s possible to skip some stages. Although that&#8217;s pretty rare based on what I&#8217;ve seen in practice.\u00a0 It&#8217;s important to note that any change can pull the team back.\u00a0 What kind of change?\u00a0 Adding a new team member, changing scope, moving seating, someone going from fully in-person to remote, etc.\u00a0 The list is likely endless but its important to notice if we slip back into storming.\u00a0 And, if\/when that does happen, you can use the tools I mention in a subsequent post to get the team out of storming.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p><strong>Are you a leader who is frustrated with your new team? Or tackling a new project?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/calendly.com\/leedurmentor\/30-minute-coaching-intro-calls?utm_source=leenewman.us&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=posts&amp;utm_content=%22Introducing%20Tuckman%26%238217%3Bs%20Model%20of%20Team%20Effectiveness%22\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Let\u2019s chat<\/a>. We&#8217;ll talk through this model in more detail and brainstorm ways that you can use it to start a discussion with your team and super charge your team effectiveness.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is Part 1 of my 4-part series: Navigating The Stages of Growth. [View the Full Series Roadmap] When I was getting my MBA, it seemed that nearly every class presented at least one theoretical model. The one that has really stood out to me throughout my career\u2014from my time in consulting to leading three teams at Google\u2014is Tuckman\u2019s Model of Team Performance. I have seen this model play out hundreds of times. As a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":600,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"nf_dc_page":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,7],"tags":[30],"class_list":["post-589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-communication","category-mental-health","tag-well-being-reminders"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The 5 Stages of High-Performing Teams: Tuckman\u2019s Model | Lee Newman<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Human beings first, engineers second. 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